What is a Wireless Access Point?

Laptops, smartphones, tablets, and various other Wi-Fi-enabled devices have become a common sight in our homes and workplaces. This trend predates 2020, and the demand has only grown with the global transformation.

The significance of these wireless devices has heightened, playing a crucial role in facilitating digital transformation and enhancing employee collaboration and efficiency. However, an increase in the number of wireless devices can impact the performance of a wireless network. Wireless access points play a vital role in accommodating the proliferation of wireless devices while ensuring optimal network performance.

This article will comprehensively explore Wireless Access Points (WAP). We will commence by defining WAP (or simply AP) and delving into its functionality. Subsequently, we will explore the advantages, disadvantages, and limitations associated with wireless access points. Further, we will delve into various types of wireless access points. The concluding section will focus on best practices for selecting an AP.

What is a Wireless Access Point?

A wireless access point (WAP), often referred to as just an access point (AP), is a hardware component utilized in computer networking to enable Wi-Fi devices to connect to a wired network. It serves as a piece of networking equipment facilitating the connection of wireless devices to wired networks. Deploying WAPs is a simpler and more convenient alternative to using wires and cables to link all the computers or devices within a network.

An access point is an integral part of a wireless local area network (WLAN), typically established in a workplace or a sizable building. Upon connecting with an Ethernet cable to a wired router, switch, or hub, an access point transmits a WiFi signal to a specific area. For instance, if you wish to establish WiFi in your company’s reception area but lack a nearby router, you can position an access point near the front desk and run an Ethernet cable through the ceiling back to the server room.

Wireless access points are employed to facilitate wireless connections for devices. They function by emitting a signal that connected devices can latch onto, enabling these devices to connect to the internet or another network without the need for cables. Wireless access points find applications in residences, businesses, and public spaces.

How does WAP Work?

Considering their effectiveness in boosting a Wi-Fi signal, it might be surprising how straightforward and basic wireless access points are to set up. They operate by directly connecting an Ethernet cable to your router or, if available, a network switch. This establishes a connection for the WAP to the local area network (LAN), providing the necessary bandwidth for its operation. Subsequently, the WAP transmits and receives a wireless signal in either the 2.4GHz or 5GHz frequency bands, commonly known as Wi-Fi. This enables wireless connection to your home network, extending internet access to areas where it was previously unavailable.

What are the Types of Access Points?

In the present digital era, wireless access points have become an essential tool for facilitating seamless connectivity in homes, workplaces, and public areas. Before choosing the most suitable access point for your needs, it is crucial to understand the various types available. This section will explore different access point categories and their distinctive characteristics to help you make an informed decision.

Wireless Access Point devices are classified based on their applications:

1. Commercial AP: Designed for commercial settings requiring aesthetics and accommodating numerous access users, such as hotels, guesthouses, KTVs, supermarkets, and restaurants. Notable examples include hospitality access points like the Aruba 500H Hospitality WiFi-6 Access Points, specifically intended for hotel use.
2. Enterprise-level AP: Meets stringent security criteria and is suitable for deployment in major corporations, businesses, and similar environments.

Wireless Access Point devices are categorized based on their installation method:

1. In-wall AP: Requires anchoring into the wall during installation, necessitating reserved spaces. This compact AP typically operates at 150Mbps or 300Mbps.
2. Ceiling AP: Can be directly affixed to the ceiling or wall during installation without penetrating the wall. It offers a variable appearance, single-frequency and dual-frequency options, and generally higher transmission rates than wall-mounted APs.

Wireless Access Point devices are categorized based on their frequency band:

1. Single-frequency AP: Typically supports only 2.4G, with a transmission speed ranging from 150 Mbps to 450 Mbps. However, it may have limited anti-interference capabilities.
2. Dual-frequency AP: Supports both 2.4G and 5.8G simultaneously, providing a dual-band capability. Mobile terminals can search for two WiFi signals, offering a faster transfer rate and enhanced hardware.

Wireless Access Point devices are categorized based on the controller needed:

1. Single-AP: Primarily used in high-demand settings, requiring authentication servers or switches with authentication features to obtain certification. Configuration of a specific wireless controller is necessary for using this AP, making it suitable for widespread wireless deployment but not independently adjustable.
2. Controller Needed AP: Commonly used in households and small networks, this AP incorporates a comprehensive set of functionalities. A single device typically handles access, authentication, routing, VPN, address translation, and even firewall features.

Wireless Access Point devices are classified based on network standards, including IEEE 802.11ac, IEEE 802.11n, IEEE 802.11g, IEEE 802.11b, IEEE 802.11ax, and others.

What are the Benefits of Wireless Access Points?

A wireless access point (WAP) is a device that establishes connections between wireless devices and networks. WAPs find widespread use in both households and businesses, providing wireless Internet access.

Utilizing a WAP offers the following advantages:

1. Convenience: Users are not constrained to proximity to a wired connection since WAPs can be installed anywhere within a house or workplace. This freedom allows workers to move around freely while utilizing their internet connection, thereby enhancing productivity.
2. Flexibility: WAPs enable the simultaneous use of various devices, including computers, cellphones, tablets, and other smart devices.
3. Enhanced security: WAPs contribute to improved network security by creating a distinct wireless network for visitors and workers. This allows for control over who accesses the WiFi network.
4. Reduced costs: Businesses can achieve cost savings by opting for wireless access points instead of traditional infrastructure.
5. Easy to manage: Wireless access points are often easier to maintain than wired networks as they require less upkeep and are less prone to issues.

What are the Drawbacks of Wireless Access Points?

Below are some of the drawbacks and limitations associated with the use of Wireless Access Points.

1. High Cost: Some individuals perceive wireless APs as relatively expensive, especially when businesses need to scale up their corporate wireless networks, leading to additional costs for additional wireless APs. Controlling costs becomes a significant concern for businesses, leading many to favor residential wireless routers with inferior performance.
2. Inability to be Used Alone: Unless dealing with a large hotel or a public space, many people tend to consider wireless routers instead of wireless APs when building wireless networks. This is primarily because a wireless AP necessitates connection with other devices such as switches, controllers, ethernet hubs, etc. It cannot function independently and cannot directly link to an ADSL (Asymmetrical Digital Subscriber Loop) modem. Consequently, users may find it excessively problematic and less convenient.
3. Poor Stability: Wireless networks often exhibit poorer stability compared to cable networks. Cable networks use physical wires for transmission, while wireless networks utilize air for the same purpose. It’s widely acknowledged that cable networks are faster and more reliable than wireless networks. Wireless APs are only recommended when it’s not feasible to establish a cable network.

Do all Routers Support AP Mode?

An access point is a device utilized to link devices to an existing local network. It is common in workplaces and commercial buildings to have multiple APs strategically placed, providing internet access. Even when routers are configured to operate in AP mode, the primary router continues to manage device addresses and internet traffic.

While not all routers are equipped with a specific AP mode, they can still serve as one by disabling routing services and assigning a unique IP address. An AP cannot share the same IP address as a home router, typically set at 192.168.1.1. To prevent conflicting traffic and facilitate communication between devices, the address can be changed to any unoccupied number.

Devices effortlessly connect to any AP configured with the same username and password as the router without requiring re-authentication. When moving through expansive areas, the nearest AP or router with the strongest signal is automatically selected. Seamless internet connectivity, allowing users to move without disruptions, is crucial for the smooth operation of a business or the comfort of a home.

What is the Difference Between an Access Point and a Router?

The router establishes a local area network, overseeing all connected devices and communication. In contrast, an access point functions as a sub-device within the local area network, facilitating the connection of additional devices and serving as an additional access point for device connections.

While all access points can act as routers, not all access points can function as wireless routers. Access points typically offer access solely to the network established by the router, while routers manage local area networks, interface with external network systems, handle the collection, distribution, and transmission of data in various directions, establish points of communication, and uphold security measures.

FAQ’s

What is the primary function of a Wireless Access Point (WAP)?

A Wireless Access Point, or WAP, serves as a hardware component in computer networking, enabling Wi-Fi devices to connect to a wired network. It facilitates the connection of wireless devices to wired networks, offering a simpler alternative to wired connections.

How does a Wireless Access Point (WAP) work?

WAPs operate by connecting an Ethernet cable to a router or network switch, establishing a connection to the local area network (LAN) and providing the necessary bandwidth. They then transmit and receive a wireless signal in either the 2.4GHz or 5GHz frequency bands, allowing wireless connectivity within a designated area.

What are the types of Wireless Access Points?

Wireless Access Points are categorized based on their applications, installation methods, frequency bands, and the need for controllers. Types include Commercial APs, Enterprise-level APs, In-wall APs, Ceiling APs, Single-frequency APs, Dual-frequency APs, Single-APs, and Controller Needed APs.

What are the benefits of using Wireless Access Points?

Utilizing Wireless Access Points offers several advantages, including convenience, flexibility, enhanced security, cost savings for businesses, and easier management compared to traditional wired networks.

What are the drawbacks of Wireless Access Points?

Drawbacks include perceived high costs for scaling up corporate wireless networks, the necessity for additional devices for optimal functioning, and potential stability issues compared to cable networks.

Do all routers support Access Point (AP) mode?

Not all routers are equipped with a specific AP mode, but they can still function as one by disabling routing services and assigning a unique IP address. This allows them to serve as access points within a local network.

What is the difference between an Access Point and a Router?

A router establishes and manages a local area network, overseeing device addresses and internet traffic. In contrast, an access point functions as a sub-device within the network, facilitating additional device connections and serving as an access point for wireless connections.

Conclusion

In an era dominated by Wi-Fi devices, Wireless Access Points (WAPs) emerge as crucial tools for seamless connectivity. As highlighted, WAPs simplify the integration of wireless devices into wired networks, fostering digital transformation. While offering benefits in productivity, flexibility, and security, users must be mindful of potential drawbacks. Understanding the types of access points enables informed decisions. In this ever-expanding connectivity landscape, judicious WAP selection remains pivotal for efficient network infrastructure in both personal and professional settings.